Which operation focused on helping to enforce a maritime blockade of Iraqi shipping during the Persian Gulf War?

Operation Desert Shield was the primary operation focused on the buildup of coalition forces and the enforcement of a maritime blockade against Iraqi shipping during the Persian Gulf War. This operation began in August 1990 and was initiated in response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. One of its vital aspects was to deter further Iraqi aggression and establish a presence in the region while preparing for potential military action.

The maritime blockade was crucial as it aimed to restrict Iraq's economic capabilities, particularly its oil exports, which were essential for financing its military operations. By controlling maritime access, coalition forces effectively curtailed Iraq's ability to resupply and sustain its military efforts, contributing to the overall strategy that led to Operation Desert Storm, the subsequent military campaign to liberate Kuwait.

In contrast, other operations mentioned either occurred at different times, such as Operation Just Cause, which was focused on Panama, or were not directly related to the blockade, like Operation United Shield and Operation Phantom Fury, which were related to different conflicts and objectives. Therefore, Operation Desert Shield stands out as the operation specifically designed to enforce a maritime blockade during the Persian Gulf War.